中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
东夏国南京城破城之门遗迹被发掘****** 光明日报长春1月11日电 见习记者李层、记者任爽从吉林省文物考古研究所获悉，2020年度“全国十大考古新发现”之一——磨盘村山城遗址在被确认为东夏国南京城故址后，又在2022年度考古工作中有了新收获：元军攻进东夏国南京城破城之门遗迹被首次发掘，进一步印证了史料中当年此城被攻克的相关记载。 磨盘村山城遗址位于吉林省图们市长安镇磨盘村一处独立山体上，扼守延吉盆地最东缘，北、东、南三面被布尔哈通河环抱，地势险要，易守难攻。遗址自2013年以来由吉林省文物考古研究所进行考古发掘，发现早晚两期遗存。其中，晚期遗存即为东夏国南京城故址。 东夏国是13世纪中国东北地区一个割据政权。东夏国的南京城是其在金、元交替时期割据偏安、据险自守的要地。1233年，元军攻破南京城，继而平定东夏国土。至此，东夏灭亡，存国19年。 磨盘村山城遗址平面近阔叶形，可根据自然冲沟划分为东、南、西、北、中5个区，包含城门、角楼、城墙、房址、蓄水坑及大型建筑基址等遗迹。《元史》关于当年攻陷南京城有记载：（查剌）从国王军征万奴，围南京，城坚如立铁，查剌命偏将先警其东北，亲奋长槊大呼，登西南角，摧其飞橹，手斩陴卒数十人，大军乘之，遂克南京。由此对比各区城门遗迹，考古人员发现西区3号门址位于山城西南部，与史料相吻合，推定其为东夏国南京城破城之门。该门址在2022年度首次被发掘。 通过考古发掘，考古人员在西区3号门址发现了早晚两期门道。其中，晚期门道由黄沙土平铺，比早期门道高出1.26米，正中立置将军石，且在将军石南北两侧各有一块门枢础石，是东夏国南京城西门。 磨盘村山城遗址考古发掘领队苗诗钰补充：“经测量，门道宽约2米、残高2米多，门枢础石石孔直径约13厘米，推测西门不通马车、规模较小。加之西门地势陡峭。更多兵力可能会向规模较大、地势平坦的东门、北门等需要重兵布防的地方倾斜。” 西门西侧依山势修建了一处似瓮城的区域。苗诗钰说：“这一区域面积较大，约有2万多平方米，防御功能不如东门、北门等处严格意义上的瓮城。此外，还在西门内东北处发掘了一处房址。该房址距西门不到10米，面积不足20平方米，出土了东夏国一定数量的铁镞、礌石等武器。从房址位置、面积和出土遗物来看，此处应为城门值守士兵住所。” 苗诗钰分析：“山城如史料中记载‘城坚如立铁’。相比东、南、北三面环河，且主要门址处设有瓮城、布兵较多的坚固城防，西门虽借山险固守，但防御功能和力量略显不足。元军当年极有可能在考虑这些因素后，采取了‘先警其东北’和‘登西南角’这样声东击西的战术，并成功破城。” 在磨盘村山城遗址2022年度考古工作中，共清理遗迹9处、出土遗物642件，主要以陶器、陶质建筑构件、铁器为主。除发掘西门外，考古人员在中区24号房址中发现了保存基本完好的U形火炕，出土了陶砚台等可复原陶器10件和铁矛、石棋子等遗物。24号房址所在建筑群内多处小型房址和空台地间隔分布，说明每个房址都规划了相应的功能区。考古人员据此推断此建筑群为兵营。 《光明日报》（ 2023年01月12日 09版） 天下彩票地图 |
